ChemSpider 2D Image | Theophylline | C7H8N4O2

Theophylline

  • Molecular FormulaC7H8N4O2
  • Average mass180.164 Da
  • Monoisotopic mass180.064728 Da
  • ChemSpider ID2068

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1,3-Dimethyl-3,7-dihydro-1H-purin-2,6-dion [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
1,3-Dimethyl-3,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione [ACD/IUPAC Name]
1,3-Diméthyl-3,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
1,3-Dimethylpurine-2,6(1H,3H)-dione
1,3-Dimethylxanthine
1H-Purine-2,6-dione, 3,7-dihydro-1,3-dimethyl- [ACD/Index Name]
2,6-Dihydroxy-1,3-dimethylpurine
200-385-7 [EINECS]
3,7-Dihydro-1,3-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione
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Validated by Experts, Validated by Users, Non-Validated, Removed by Users

XH3850000 [DBID]
AI3-50216 [DBID]
AIDS008700 [DBID]
AIDS-008700 [DBID]
C07130 [DBID]
c1152 [DBID]
CCRIS 4729 [DBID]
CHEBI:28177 [DBID]
D00371 [DBID]
D013806 [DBID]
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  • Experimental Physico-chemical Properties
  • Miscellaneous
    • Appearance:

      white crystalline powder OU Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated) More details
    • Stability:

      Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. OU Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated) More details
    • Toxicity:

      Organic Compound; Amide; Drug; Food Toxin; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor; Vasodilator Agent; Bronchodilator Agent; Metabolite; Synthetic Compound; Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonist; Muscle Relaxant, Respiratory Toxin, Toxin-Target Database T3D4780
      ORL-RAT LD50 244 mg kg-1, IPR-RAT LD50 188 mg kg-1, ORL-MUS LD50 255 mg kg-1, IVN-MUS LD50 136 mg kg-1 OU Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated) More details
    • Safety:

      R03DA04 Wikidata Q407308
      Safety glasses, gloves. OU Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated) More details
    • Target Organs:

      PDE inhibitors;HDAC activator; Adenosine receptor antagonist TargetMol T1083
    • Chemical Class:

      A dimethylxanthine having the two methyl groups located at positions 1 and 3. It is structurally similar to caffeine and is found in green and black tea. ChEBI CHEBI:28177
    • Compound Source:

      caffeine degradation I (main, plants) PlantCyc CPD-12479
      Linum usitatissimum PlantCyc CPD-12479
    • Bio Activity:

      7-TM Receptors Tocris Bioscience 2795
      Adenosine Receptor MedChem Express HY-B0809
      Adenosine receptor antagonist Hello Bio HB2849
      Adenosine receptor antagonist and cyclic phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Shows bronchodilatory, cardiostimulatory, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory actions. Hello Bio HB2849
      Adenosine receptor antagonist; bronchodilator Tocris Bioscience 2795
      Adenosine Receptors Tocris Bioscience 2795
      Biochemicals & small molecules/Antagonists & inhibitors Hello Bio HB2849
      Bronchodilator, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulator. Antagonizes adenosine receptors and is a weak non-selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterases (PDEs). Tocris Bioscience 2795
      caffeine + a demethylated methyl donor -> theophylline + a methylated methyl donor PlantCyc CPD-12479
      GPCR/G protein MedChem Express HY-B0809
      GPCR/G protein; Metabolic Enzyme/Protease; MedChem Express HY-B0809
      Metabolism; GPCR/G Protein; Chromatin/Epigenetic TargetMol T1083
      Non-selective Adenosine Tocris Bioscience 2795
      PDE;HDAC2; Adenosine receptor TargetMol T1083
      Receptors & Transporters/G protein coupled receptors/Adenosine/Non-selective Hello Bio HB2849
      theophylline + a demethylated methyl donor -> 3-methylxanthine + a methylated methyl donor PlantCyc CPD-12479
      Theophylline is a methylated xanthine derivative; competitive nonselective phosphodiesterase inhibitor and nonselective adenosine receptor antagonist. MedChem Express http://www.medchemexpress.com/Pivmecillinam.html, HY-B0809
  • Gas Chromatography
    • Retention Index (Kovats):

      1791 (estimated with error: 89) NIST Spectra mainlib_118946, replib_229080, replib_250632, replib_313003, replib_335484
      1904 (Program type: Isothermal; Col... (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.53 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 200 C; CAS no: 58559; Active phase: DB-1; Carrier gas: N2; Phase thickness: 1.5 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Japp, M.; Gill, R.; Osselton, M.D., Comparison of drug retention indices determined on packed, wide bore capillary and narrow bore capillary columns, J. Forensic Sci., 32(6), 1987, 1574-1586.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1909 (Program type: Isothermal; Col... (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Column length: 25 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 200 C; CAS no: 58559; Active phase: BP-1; Carrier gas: N2; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Japp, M.; Gill, R.; Osselton, M.D., Comparison of drug retention indices determined on packed, wide bore capillary and narrow bore capillary columns, J. Forensic Sci., 32(6), 1987, 1574-1586.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1923 (Program type: Isothermal; Col... (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.53 mm; Column length: 25 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 200 C; CAS no: 58559; Active phase: BP-1; Carrier gas: N2; Phase thickness: 1 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Japp, M.; Gill, R.; Osselton, M.D., Comparison of drug retention indices determined on packed, wide bore capillary and narrow bore capillary columns, J. Forensic Sci., 32(6), 1987, 1574-1586.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1962 (Program type: Isothermal; Col... (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.20 mm; Column length: 25 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 250 C; CAS no: 58559; Active phase: SPB-1; Carrier gas: He; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Lora-Tamayo, C.; Rams, M.A.; Chacon, J.M.R., Gas Chromatographic Data for 187 Nitrogen- or Phosphorus-Containing Drugs and Metabolites of Toxicological Interest Analysed on Methyl Silicone Capillary Columns, J. Chromatogr., 374, 1986, 73-85.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1947 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.49 mm; Column length: 25 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 8 K/min; Start T: 100 C; End T: 275 C; End time: 15 min; Start time: 2 min; CAS no: 58559; Active phase: SE-30; Phase thickness: 1.14 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Schepers, P.; Wijsbeek, J.; Franke, J.P.; de Zeeuw, R.A., Applicability of capillary gas chromatography to substance identification in toxicology by means of retention indices, J. Forensic Sci., 27(1), 1982, 49-60.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1990 (Program type: Isothermal; Col... (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column length: 2 m; Column type: Packed; CAS no: 58559; Active phase: OV-1; Carrier gas: N2; Substrate: Chromosorb G, AW-DMCS; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Berninger, H.; Grunnagel, R.; Mall, S.; Moller, M.R., Gas chromatographic identification of unknown substances from body fluids by menas of retention indices, Beitr. Gerichtl. Med., 33, 1975, 185-191.) NIST Spectra nist ri
    • Retention Index (Normal Alkane):

      1948.2 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.75 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 8 K/min; Start T: 155 C; End T: 290 C; End time: 10 min; Start time: 4 min; CAS no: 58559; Active phase: SPB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 10 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Coudore, F.; Alazard, J.-M.; Paire, M.; Andraud, G.; Lavarenne, J., Rapid toxicological screening of barbiturates in plasma by wide-bore capillary gas chromatography and nitrogen-phosphorus detection, J. Anal. Toxicol., 17, 1993, 109-113.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1935 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Column length: 12.5 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 25 K/min; Start T: 50 C; End T: 250 C; End time: 5 min; Start time: 2 min; CAS no: 58559; Active phase: Ultra-1; Carrier gas: N2; Phase thickness: 0.33 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Georgakopoulos, C.G.; Kiburis, J.C.; Jurs, P.C., Prediction of Gas Chromatographic Relative Retention Times of Stimulants and Narcotics, Anal. Chem., 63(18), 1991, 2021-2024.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1962.7 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 12 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 10 K/min; Start T: 40 C; End T: 290 C; Start time: 1 min; CAS no: 58559; Active phase: SE-30; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Neill, G.P.; Davies, N.W.; McLean, S., Automated screening procedure using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for identification of drugs after their extraction from biological samples, J. Chromatogr., 565, 1991, 207-224.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1900 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.53 mm; Column length: 10 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 5 K/min; Start T: 130 C; End T: 230 C; CAS no: 58559; Active phase: DB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 2.65 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Anderson, W.H.; Fuller, D.C., A simplified procedure for the isolation, characterization, and identification of weak acid and neutral drugs from whole blood, J. Anal. Toxicol., 11, 1987, 198-204.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1921 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 15 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 10 K/min; Start T: 130 C; End T: 290 C; End time: 10 min; Start time: 1 min; CAS no: 58559; Active phase: DB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Sharp, M.E., A rapid screening procedure for acidic and neutral drugs in blood by high resolution gas chromatography, J. Anal. Toxicol., 11, 1987, 8-11.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1917 (Program type: Complex; Column... (show more) class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Column length: 12 m; Column type: Capillary; Description: 120 0X ^ 8 0C/min -> 270 0C ^ 25 0C/min -> 300 0C (5 min); CAS no: 58559; Active phase: BP-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Stowell, A.; Wilson, L., Use of retention indices in drug screening by capillary gas chromatography, Rep. # CD 2362, Department of Scientific and Industrial Reseach, Chemistry Division, Lower Hutt, NZ, 1985, 32., Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Column length: 12 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 8 K/min; Start T: 120 C; End T: 280 C; CAS no: 58559; Active phase: BP-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Stowell, A.; Wilson, L., Use of retention indices in drug screening by capillary gas chromatography, Rep. # CD 2362, Department of Scientific and Industrial Reseach, Chemistry Division, Lower Hutt, NZ, 1985, 32.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1975.2 (Program type: Complex; Column... (show more) class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 15 m; Column type: Capillary; Description: 70 0C (0.7 min) ^ 20 0C/min -> 140 0C ^ 10 0C/min -> 290 0C (9.5 min); CAS no: 58559; Active phase: DB-5; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Rasanen, I.; Ojanpera, I.; Vartiovaara, J.; Vuori, E.; Sunila, P., The advantage of dual-column approach and retention indices combined with refined reporting in gas chromatographic drug screening, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr., 19, 1996, 313-321.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1989.3 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.53 mm; Column length: 12 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: .5 K/min; Start T: 100 C; End T: 310 C; End time: 10 min; Start time: 2 min; CAS no: 58559; Active phase: DB-5; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 1.0 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Drummer, O.H.; Horomidis, S.; Kourtis, S.K.; Syrjanen, M.L.; Tippet, P., Capillary gas chromatographic drug screen for use in forensic toxicology, J. Anal. Toxicol., 18, 1994, 134-138.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1948.4 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 12.5 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 10 K/min; Start T: 110 C; End T: 290 C; End time: 6.5 min; Start time: 1 min; CAS no: 58559; Active phase: Ultra-2; Phase thickness: 0.5 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Watts, V.W.; Simonick, T.F., A retention index library for commonly encountered drugs and metabolites using tri-n-alkylamines as reference compounds, nitrogen-phosphorus detectors, and dual capillary chromatography, J. Anal. Toxicol., 11, 1987, 210-214.) NIST Spectra nist ri
    • Retention Index (Linear):

      1900 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.53 mm; Column length: 12 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 6 K/min; Start T: 120 C; End T: 250 C; CAS no: 58559; Active phase: CBP-1; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Linear RI; Authors: Oyama, N.; Sano, T.; Syoyama, M.; Maeda, K., Studies on systematic analysis of poisonous compounds in forensic chemistry. II. Application of capillary column gas chromatography to substance identification by means of retention indices, Eisei Kagaku, 33(5), 1987, 342-348.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1917 (Program type: Complex; Column... (show more) class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Column length: 12 m; Column type: Capillary; Description: 120C=>8C/min=>270C=>25C/min=>300C; CAS no: 58559; Active phase: BP-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Linear RI; Authors: Stowell, A.; Wilson, L.W., A simple approach to the interlaboratory transfer of drug retention indices determined by temperature programmed capillary gas chromatography, J. Forensic Sci., 32(5), 1987, 1214-1220., Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 15 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 8 K/min; Start T: 120 C; End T: 280 C; End time: 5 min; CAS no: 58559; Active phase: DB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Linear RI; Authors: Perrigo, B.J.; Ballantyne, D.J.; Peel, H.W., Condierations in developing a data base for drugs on a DBI capillary column, J. Can. Soc. Forensic Sci., 17(2), 1984, 41-49., Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 15 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 8 K/min; Start T: 120 C; End T: 280 C; End time: 5 min; CAS no: 58559; Active phase: DB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Linear RI; Authors: Perrigo, B.J.; Peel, H.W.; Ballantyne, D.J., Use of Dual-Column Fused-Silica Capillary Gas Chromatography in Combination with Detector Response Factors for Analytical Toxicology., J. Chromatogr., 341, 1985, 81-88.) NIST Spectra nist ri

Predicted data is generated using the ACD/Labs Percepta Platform - PhysChem Module, version: 14.00

Density: 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point: 454.1±37.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Vapour Pressure: 0.0±1.1 mmHg at 25°C
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 71.4±3.0 kJ/mol
Flash Point: 228.4±26.5 °C
Index of Refraction: 1.620
Molar Refractivity: 43.2±0.3 cm3
#H bond acceptors: 6
#H bond donors: 1
#Freely Rotating Bonds: 0
#Rule of 5 Violations: 0
ACD/LogP: -0.17
ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): 0.00
ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 1.00
ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 23.67
ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): -0.03
ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 1.00
ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 22.30
Polar Surface Area: 69 Å2
Polarizability: 17.1±0.5 10-24cm3
Surface Tension: 67.6±3.0 dyne/cm
Molar Volume: 122.9±3.0 cm3

Predicted data is generated using the US Environmental Protection Agency�s EPISuite™

                        
 Log Octanol-Water Partition Coef (SRC):
    Log Kow (KOWWIN v1.67 estimate) =  -0.39
    Log Kow (Exper. database match) =  -0.02
       Exper. Ref:  Hansch,C et al. (1995)
    Log Kow (Exper. database match) =  -0.04
       Exper. Ref:  Sangster (1993)

 Boiling Pt, Melting Pt, Vapor Pressure Estimations (MPBPWIN v1.42):
    Boiling Pt (deg C):  458.64  (Adapted Stein & Brown method)
    Melting Pt (deg C):  193.28  (Mean or Weighted MP)
    VP(mm Hg,25 deg C):  5.57E-010  (Modified Grain method)
    MP  (exp database):  273 deg C
    Subcooled liquid VP: 3E-007 mm Hg (25 deg C, Mod-Grain method)

 Water Solubility Estimate from Log Kow (WSKOW v1.41):
    Water Solubility at 25 deg C (mg/L):  2912
       log Kow used: -0.04 (expkow database)
       no-melting pt equation used
     Water Sol (Exper. database match) =  7360 mg/L (25 deg C)
        Exper. Ref:  YALKOWSKY,SH & DANNENFELSER,RM (1992)

 Water Sol Estimate from Fragments:
    Wat Sol (v1.01 est) =  21983 mg/L
    Wat Sol (Exper. database match) =  7360.00
       Exper. Ref:  YALKOWSKY,SH & DANNENFELSER,RM (1992)

 ECOSAR Class Program (ECOSAR v0.99h):
    Class(es) found:
       Imides
       Imidazoles

 Henrys Law Constant (25 deg C) [HENRYWIN v3.10]:
   Bond Method :   1.68E-012  atm-m3/mole
   Group Method:   Incomplete
 Henrys LC [VP/WSol estimate using EPI values]:  4.535E-014 atm-m3/mole

 Log Octanol-Air Partition Coefficient (25 deg C) [KOAWIN v1.10]:
  Log Kow used:  -0.04  (exp database)
  Log Kaw used:  -10.163  (HenryWin est)
      Log Koa (KOAWIN v1.10 estimate):  10.123
      Log Koa (experimental database):  None

 Probability of Rapid Biodegradation (BIOWIN v4.10):
   Biowin1 (Linear Model)         :   0.6618
   Biowin2 (Non-Linear Model)     :   0.6107
 Expert Survey Biodegradation Results:
   Biowin3 (Ultimate Survey Model):   2.8010  (weeks       )
   Biowin4 (Primary Survey Model) :   3.5878  (days-weeks  )
 MITI Biodegradation Probability:
   Biowin5 (MITI Linear Model)    :   0.1852
   Biowin6 (MITI Non-Linear Model):   0.0747
 Anaerobic Biodegradation Probability:
   Biowin7 (Anaerobic Linear Model):  0.5815
 Ready Biodegradability Prediction:   NO

Hydrocarbon Biodegradation (BioHCwin v1.01):
    Structure incompatible with current estimation method!

 Sorption to aerosols (25 Dec C)[AEROWIN v1.00]:
  Vapor pressure (liquid/subcooled):  4E-005 Pa (3E-007 mm Hg)
  Log Koa (Koawin est  ): 10.123
   Kp (particle/gas partition coef. (m3/ug)):
       Mackay model           :  0.075 
       Octanol/air (Koa) model:  0.00326 
   Fraction sorbed to airborne particulates (phi):
       Junge-Pankow model     :  0.73 
       Mackay model           :  0.857 
       Octanol/air (Koa) model:  0.207 

 Atmospheric Oxidation (25 deg C) [AopWin v1.92]:
   Hydroxyl Radicals Reaction:
      OVERALL OH Rate Constant =  19.2825 E-12 cm3/molecule-sec
      Half-Life =     0.555 Days (12-hr day; 1.5E6 OH/cm3)
      Half-Life =     6.656 Hrs
   Ozone Reaction:
      No Ozone Reaction Estimation
   Fraction sorbed to airborne particulates (phi): 0.794 (Junge,Mackay)
    Note: the sorbed fraction may be resistant to atmospheric oxidation

 Soil Adsorption Coefficient (PCKOCWIN v1.66):
      Koc    :  10
      Log Koc:  1.000 

 Aqueous Base/Acid-Catalyzed Hydrolysis (25 deg C) [HYDROWIN v1.67]:
    Rate constants can NOT be estimated for this structure!

 Bioaccumulation Estimates from Log Kow (BCFWIN v2.17):
   Log BCF from regression-based method = 0.500 (BCF = 3.162)
       log Kow used: -0.04 (expkow database)

 Volatilization from Water:
    Henry LC:  1.68E-012 atm-m3/mole  (estimated by Bond SAR Method)
    Half-Life from Model River: 4.678E+008  hours   (1.949E+007 days)
    Half-Life from Model Lake : 5.103E+009  hours   (2.126E+008 days)

 Removal In Wastewater Treatment:
    Total removal:               1.85  percent
    Total biodegradation:        0.09  percent
    Total sludge adsorption:     1.76  percent
    Total to Air:                0.00  percent
      (using 10000 hr Bio P,A,S)

 Level III Fugacity Model:
           Mass Amount    Half-Life    Emissions
            (percent)        (hr)       (kg/hr)
   Air       0.00142         13.3         1000       
   Water     38.5            360          1000       
   Soil      61.4            720          1000       
   Sediment  0.0711          3.24e+003    0          
     Persistence Time: 582 hr




                    

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