Succinic acid

Molecular FormulaC₄H₆O₄
Average mass118.088 Da
Monoisotopic mass118.026611 Da
ChemSpider ID1078

More details:

Systematic name
Succinic acid
SMILES
C(CC(=O)O)C(=O)O
Std. InChi
InChI=1S/C4H6O4/c5-3(6)1-2-4(7)8/h1-2H2,(H,5,6)(H,7,8)
Std. InChIKey
KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Cite this record
CSID:1078, http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.1078.html (accessed 11:49, Sep 29, 2023)

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Names and Synonyms
Database ID(s)

Validated by Experts, Validated by Users, Non-Validated, Removed by Users

1,2-Ethanedicarboxylic acid

1,4-Butanedioic acid

110-15-6 [RN]

203-740-4 [EINECS]

4-02-00-01908 [Beilstein]

Acide butanedioique [French]

Acide succinique [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]

Acido succinico [Italian]

ácido succínico [Spanish]

Ácido succínico [Portuguese]

More...

acidum succinicum [Latin]

Bernsteinsaeure [German]

Bernsteinsäure [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]

Butanedioic acid [ACD/Index Name]

HOOC-CH2-CH2-COOH [Formula]

Kyselina jantarova [Czech]

MFCD00002789 [MDL number]

QV2VQ [WLN]

Succinic acid [ACD/IUPAC Name] [Wiki]

Succinic acid

Ηλεκτρικό οξύ [Modern Greek (1453-)]

Янтарная кислота [Russian]

琥珀酸 [Chinese]

14493-42-6 [RN]

152556-05-3 [RN]

21668-90-6 [RN]

61128-08-3 [RN]

acidum succinicum

amber acid

asuccin

Bernsteinsaeure

Bernsteinsaure

Butandisaeure

BUTANE DIACID

BUTANEDIOICACID

CpeE protein

DB00139

Dihydrofumaric acid

Ethanedicarboxylic acid

Ethylene dicarboxylic acid

Ethylene succinic acid

FMR

fum

Fumaric acid [Wiki]

hydron [Wiki]

Katasuccin

Kyselina jantarova

MAE

Maleic acid [Wiki]

Sal succini

STR02803

Succinellite

succinic acid(free acid)

SUCCINIC-D4 ACID

succunic acide

Wormwood acid

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Validated by Experts, Validated by Users, Non-Validated, Removed by Users

4719 [DBID]

AB6MNQ6J6L [DBID]

CHEBI:15741 [DBID]

WM4900000 [DBID]

14078_FLUKA [DBID]

14079_FLUKA [DBID]

398055_SIAL [DBID]

A 12084 [DBID]

AI3-06297 [DBID]

AIDS017693 [DBID]

More...

AIDS-017693 [DBID]

BRN 1754069 [DBID]

C00042 [DBID]

HSDB 791 [DBID]

LMFA01170043 [DBID]

NCGC00159372-02 [DBID]

NCGC00159372-03 [DBID]

nchembio.2007.47-comp2 [DBID]

nchembio856-comp9 [DBID]

NSC 106449 [DBID]

NSC106449 [DBID]

NSC106450 [DBID]

NSC143398 [DBID]

NSC25949 [DBID]

NSC7700 [DBID]

NSC9569 [DBID]

S3674_SIAL [DBID]

S7501_SIAL [DBID]

S9512_SIGMA [DBID]

ST5213944 [DBID]

succinic acid certified 500g [DBID]

UNII:AB6MNQ6J6L [DBID]

UNII-AB6MNQ6J6L [DBID]

W502707_ALDRICH [DBID]

W502715_ALDRICH [DBID]

Less...

Experimental data
Predicted - ACD/Labs
Predicted - EPISuite
Predicted - ChemAxon
Predicted - Mcule

References
- Fema No:
  
  4719 Sigma-Aldrich ALDRICH-W471912, SIAL-W471920, ALDRICH-W502707, ALDRICH-W502715

Experimental Physico-chemical Properties

Experimental Melting Point:

186-188 °C Alfa Aesar

185 °C Indofine [15-0400] , [15-0400]

185 °C OU Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated) More details

184-189 °C Merck Millipore 3821, 822260

185 °C Jean-Claude Bradley Open Melting Point Dataset 16121

186.5 °C Jean-Claude Bradley Open Melting Point Dataset 16582

188 °C Jean-Claude Bradley Open Melting Point Dataset 13519, 22290, 28530

187 °C Jean-Claude Bradley Open Melting Point Dataset 8429

186-188 °C Alfa Aesar A12084, 33272

184-186 °C (Literature) Oakwood

185 °C Indofine [15-0400] , [15-0400] , [15-0400]

184-185 °C FooDB FDB001931

184-186 °C Sigma-Aldrich ALDRICH-134384

185 °C Kaye & Laby (No longer updated)

184-186 °C Oakwood 104604, 239121

Experimental Boiling Point:

235 °C Alfa Aesar

235 °C OU Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated) More details

235 °C Alfa Aesar A12084, 33272

235 °C (Literature) Oakwood

235 °C (Decomposes) FooDB FDB001931

235 °C Sigma-Aldrich ALDRICH-134384

235 °C / 760 mmHg (Decomposes) Kaye & Laby (No longer updated)

235 °C Oakwood 104604, 239121

Experimental Flash Point:

206 °C Alfa Aesar

206 °F (96.6667 °C) Alfa Aesar A12084, 33272

160 °C Oakwood

160 °C Oakwood 239121

Experimental Refraction Index:

1.45 Kaye & Laby (No longer updated)
Experimental Solubility:

Soluble in water (increasing with temperature). Soluble in alcohol, methanol Alfa Aesar 33272

Experimental Density:

1.56 g/mL Alfa Aesar A12084, 33272

1.56 g/mL Oakwood 239121

1.564 g/mL / 15 °C Kaye & Laby (No longer updated)

Miscellaneous

Appearance:

colourless odourless prisms or white crystalline powder OU Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated) More details
Stability:

Stable. Substances to be avoided include strong bases,strong oxidizing agents. Combustible. OU Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated) More details

Toxicity:

Organic Compound; Drug; Food Toxin; Dietary Supplement; Micronutrient; Metabolite; Nutraceutical; Animal Toxin; Natural Compound; Supplement Toxin, Toxin-Target Database T3D4453

ORL-RAT LD50 2260 mg kg-1, IPR-MUS LD50 2702 mg kg-1, IVN-MUS LD50 1400 mg kg-1 OU Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated) More details

Safety:

26-37/39 Alfa Aesar 33272, A12084

26-37/39-60 Alfa Aesar 33272, A12084

37/38-41 Alfa Aesar 33272, A12084

Danger Alfa Aesar 33272, A12084

H318-H335-H315 Alfa Aesar 33272, A12084

P261-P280-P305+P351+P338-P304+P340-P405-P501a Alfa Aesar 33272, A12084

Safety glasses. Adequate ventilation. OU Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated) More details

WARNING: Causes GI injury, skin and eye irritation Alfa Aesar 33272, A12084

WARNING: Irritates lungs, eyes, skin Alfa Aesar 33272

Target Organs:

Others TargetMol T2719

An <locant>alpha</locant>,<locant>omega</locant>-dicarboxylic acid resulting from the formal oxidation of each of the terminal methyl groups of butane to the corresponding carboxy group. It is an inte rmediate metabolite in the citric acid cycle. ChEBI CHEBI:15741

An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid resulting from the formal oxidation of each of the terminal methyl groups of butane to the corresponding carboxy group. It is an inte; rmediate metabolite in the citri c acid cycle. ChEBI https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:15741

Compound Source:

(-)-4'-desmethyl-epipodophyllotoxin biosynthesis PlantCyc SUC

2-oxoglutarate + L-arginine + oxygen -> succinate + CO2 + guanidinium + (S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate + H2O + H+ PlantCyc SUC, SUC

3 2-oxoglutarate + L-arginine + 3 oxygen + 3 H+ -> 2 ethene + 7 CO2 + succinate + guanidinium + (S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate + 3 H2O PlantCyc SUC, SUC

6-methoxypodophyllotoxin biosynthesis PlantCyc SUC

a (2R,3S,4S)-leucoanthocyanidin + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen + H+ -> an anthocyanidin with a 3-hydroxy group + succinate + CO2 + 2 H2O PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

Aegilops tauschii PlantCyc SUC

Amaranthus hypochondriacus PlantCyc SUC

Amborella trichopoda PlantCyc SUC

Anacardium occidentale PlantCyc SUC

Ananas comosus PlantCyc SUC

anthocyanin biosynthesis PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

anthocyanin biosynthesis (delphinidin 3-O-glucoside) PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

anthocyanin biosynthesis (pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside) PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

apigeninidin 5-O-glucoside biosynthesis PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

Aquilegia coerulea PlantCyc SUC

Arabidopsis halleri PlantCyc SUC

Arabidopsis lyrata PlantCyc SUC

Arabidopsis thaliana col PlantCyc SUC

Asparagus officinalis PlantCyc SUC

Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris PlantCyc SUC

Boechera stricta PlantCyc SUC

Brachypodium distachyon PlantCyc SUC

Brassica napus PlantCyc SUC

Brassica oleracea var. capitata PlantCyc SUC

Brassica oleracea var. oleracea PlantCyc SUC

Brassica rapa FPsc PlantCyc SUC

Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis PlantCyc SUC

Calotropis gigantea PlantCyc SUC

Camptotheca acuminata PlantCyc SUC

Cannabis sativa PlantCyc SUC

Capsella grandiflora PlantCyc SUC

Capsella rubella PlantCyc SUC

Capsicum annuum PlantCyc SUC

Carica papaya PlantCyc SUC

Catharanthus roseus PlantCyc SUC

Chenopodium quinoa PlantCyc SUC

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii PlantCyc SUC

Chromochloris zofingiensis PlantCyc SUC

chrysin biosynthesis PlantCyc SUC

Cicer arietinum PlantCyc SUC

Citrus clementina PlantCyc SUC

Citrus sinensis PlantCyc SUC

Coccomyxa subellipsoidea C-169 PlantCyc SUC

Corchorus capsularis PlantCyc SUC

coumarins biosynthesis (engineered) PlantCyc SUC, SUC

Cucumis sativus PlantCyc SUC

Daucus carota subsp. sativus PlantCyc SUC

Dianthus caryophyllus PlantCyc SUC

DIMBOA-glucoside biosynthesis PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

Dioscorea rotundata PlantCyc SUC

esculetin biosynthesis PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC

ethylene biosynthesis II (microbes) PlantCyc SUC, SUC

Eucalyptus grandis PlantCyc SUC

Eutrema salsugineum PlantCyc SUC

flavonoid biosynthesis PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

flavonol biosynthesis PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

Fragaria vesca subsp. vesca PlantCyc SUC

fumarate[in] + a menaquinol[membrane] -> succinate[in] + a menaquinone[membrane] PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

fumarate[in] + a rhodoquinol[membrane] -> succinate[in] + a rhodoquinone[membrane] PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

fumarate[in] + an electron-transfer quinol[membrane] -> succinate[in] + an electron-transfer quinone[membrane] PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

gibberellin biosynthesis I (non C-3, non C-13 hydroxylation) PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

gibberellin biosynthesis II (early C-3 hydroxylation) PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

gibberellin biosynthesis III (early C-13 hydroxylation) PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

gibberellin biosynthesis V PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

gibberellin inactivation I (2beta-hydroxylation) PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

Glycine max PlantCyc SUC

glyoxylate cycle PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

Gossypium raimondii PlantCyc SUC

Helianthus annuus PlantCyc SUC

homocysteine and cysteine interconversion PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare PlantCyc SUC

Humulus lupulus var. lupulus PlantCyc SUC

hydroxylated mugineic acid phytosiderophore biosynthesis PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

hyoscyamine and scopolamine biosynthesis PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

isoflavonoid biosynthesis II PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

Kalanchoe fedtschenkoi PlantCyc SUC

Kalanchoe laxiflora PlantCyc SUC

L-carnitine biosynthesis PlantCyc SUC, SUC

Leersia perrieri PlantCyc SUC

leucodelphinidin biosynthesis PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin biosynthesis PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

L-glutamate degradation IV PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

Linum usitatissimum PlantCyc SUC

L-lysine biosynthesis I PlantCyc SUC

Lotus japonicus PlantCyc SUC

luteolin biosynthesis PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

luteolinidin 5-O-glucoside biosynthesis PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

Malus domestica PlantCyc SUC

Manihot esculenta PlantCyc SUC

Marchantia polymorpha PlantCyc SUC

Medicago truncatula PlantCyc SUC

Micromonas commoda RCC299 PlantCyc SUC

Micromonas pusilla CCMP1545 PlantCyc SUC

Mimulus guttatus PlantCyc SUC

Miscanthus sinensis PlantCyc SUC

morphine biosynthesis PlantCyc SUC

Musa acuminata PlantCyc SUC

nevadensin biosynthesis PlantCyc SUC

Nicotiana tabacum PlantCyc SUC

Olea europaea var. sylvestris PlantCyc SUC

Oropetium thomaeum PlantCyc SUC

Oryza brachyantha PlantCyc SUC

Oryza glaberrima PlantCyc SUC

Oryza punctata PlantCyc SUC

Oryza rufipogon PlantCyc SUC

Oryza sativa Japonica Group PlantCyc SUC

Ostreococcus lucimarinus PlantCyc SUC

Panicum hallii PlantCyc SUC

Panicum virgatum PlantCyc SUC

pentalenolactone D + 2 2-oxoglutarate + 2 oxygen -> pentalenolactone F + 2 succinate + 2 CO2 + H2O PlantCyc SUC

Petunia axillaris PlantCyc SUC

Phaseolus vulgaris PlantCyc SUC

Physcomitrella patens PlantCyc SUC

pinobanksin biosynthesis PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

polymethylated quercetin glucoside biosynthesis I - quercetin series (Chrysosplenium) PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

polymethylated quercetin glucoside biosynthesis II - quercetagetin series (Chrysosplenium) PlantCyc SUC

Populus trichocarpa PlantCyc SUC

proanthocyanidins biosynthesis from flavanols PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

Prunus persica PlantCyc SUC

reductive TCA cycle I PlantCyc SUC, SUC

Ricinus communis PlantCyc SUC

Rosa chinensis PlantCyc SUC

Rosa multiflora PlantCyc SUC

rutin biosynthesis PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC

Salvia miltiorrhiza PlantCyc SUC

scopoletin biosynthesis PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

Selaginella moellendorffii PlantCyc SUC

Setaria italica PlantCyc SUC

Setaria viridis PlantCyc SUC

Solanum lycopersicum PlantCyc SUC

Solanum melongena PlantCyc SUC

Solanum pennellii PlantCyc SUC

Solanum tuberosum PlantCyc SUC

Sorghum bicolor PlantCyc SUC

Sphagnum fallax PlantCyc SUC

Spinacia oleracea PlantCyc SUC

Spirodela polyrhiza PlantCyc SUC

succinate[in] + an electron-transfer quinone[membrane] -> fumarate[in] + an electron-transfer quinol[membrane] PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

succinate[mitochondrial lumen] + a ubiquinone[mitochondrial lumen] -> fumarate[mitochondrial lumen] + an ubiquinol[mitochondrial lumen] PlantCyc SUC

superpathway of hyoscyamine and scopolamine biosynthesis PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

superpathway of scopolin and esculin biosynthesis PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

syringetin biosynthesis PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

TCA cycle III (animals) PlantCyc SUC, SUC

TCA cycle variation V (plant) PlantCyc SUC, SUC

Thellungiella parvula PlantCyc SUC

Theobroma cacao PlantCyc SUC

Trifolium pratense PlantCyc SUC

Triticum aestivum PlantCyc SUC

Triticum urartu PlantCyc SUC

umbelliferone biosynthesis PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

UMP biosynthesis II PlantCyc SUC, SUC

vindoline and vinblastine biosynthesis PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC

Vitis vinifera PlantCyc SUC

Volvox carteri PlantCyc SUC

Zea mays subsp. mays PlantCyc SUC

Zostera marina PlantCyc SUC

Bio Activity:

(-)-yatein + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen -> (-)-deoxypodophyllotoxin + succinate + CO2 + H2O PlantCyc SUC

(+)-dihydrokaempferol + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen -> kaempferol + succinate + CO2 + H2O + H+ PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

(+)-dihydromyricetin + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen -> myricetin + succinate + CO2 + H2O PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

(2R,3S,4S)-leucodelphinidin + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen -> delphinidin + CO2 + succinate + H+ + 2 H2O PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

(2R,3S,4S)-leucopelargonidin + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen -> (4S)-2,3-dehydroleucopelargonidin + succinate + CO2 + H2O + 2 H+ PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

(2S)-dihydrotricetin + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen -> (+)-dihydromyricetin + succinate + CO2 PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

(2S)-eriodictyol + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen -> (+)-taxifolin + CO2 + succinate PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC

(2S)-eriodictyol + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen -> (+)-taxifolin + succinate + CO2 PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

(2S)-naringenin + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen -> (+)-dihydrokaempferol + succinate + CO2 PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

(2S)-naringenin + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen -> apigenin + succinate + CO2 + H2O + H+ PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

(2S)-naringenin + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen -> CO2 + succinate + (+)-dihydrokaempferol PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC

(2S)-pinocembrin + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen -> (+)-pinobanksin + CO2 + succinate PlantCyc SUC, SUC

(2S)-pinocembrin + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen -> (+)-pinobanksin + succinate + CO2 PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

(2S)-pinocembrin + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen -> chrysin + succinate + CO2 + H2O PlantCyc SUC

(6S)-hydroxyhyoscyamine + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen -> scopolamine + succinate + CO2 + H+ + H2O PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

(S)-atropinium + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen -> (6S)-hydroxyhyoscyamine + succinate + CO2 PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

(S)-dihydroorotate + fumarate -> orotate + succinate PlantCyc SUC, SUC

2'-deoxymugineate + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen -> 3-epihydroxy-2'-deoxymugineate + succinate + CO2 + H+ PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

2'-deoxymugineate + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen -> mugineate + succinate + CO2 + H+ PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

2-oxoglutarate + (S)-atropinium + oxygen -> CO2 + succinate + (6S)-hydroxyhyoscyamine PlantCyc SUC

2-oxoglutarate + 3,7,4'-trimethylquercetin + 3,7,4'-trimethylquercetin + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen + oxygen -> CO2 + succinate + 3,7,4'-trimethylquercetagetin + succinate + CO2 PlantCyc SUC

2-oxoglutarate + 3,7-dimethylquercetin + 3,7-dimethylquercetin + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen + oxygen -> CO2 + succinate + 3,7-dimethylquercetagetin + 3,7-dimethylquercetagetin + succinate + CO2 PlantCyc SUC

2-oxoglutarate + 8-hydroxy-salvigenin + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen + oxygen -> CO2 + succinate + formaldehyde + pilosin + formaldehyde + succinate + CO2 PlantCyc SUC

2-oxoglutarate + apiforol + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen + oxygen -> CO2 + succinate + apigeninidin + succinate + CO2 + 2 H2O + 2 H2O PlantCyc SUC

2-oxoglutarate + desacetoxyvindoline + oxygen -> CO2 + succinate + 17-O-deacetylvindoline PlantCyc SUC

2-oxoglutarate + gardenin B + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen + oxygen -> CO2 + succinate + formaldehyde + nevadensin + formaldehyde + succinate + CO2 PlantCyc SUC

2-oxoglutarate + L-arginine + oxygen -> succinate + CO2 + guanidinium + (S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate + H2O + H+ PlantCyc SUC, SUC

2-oxoglutarate + luteoforol + 2-oxoglutarate + H+ + oxygen + oxygen + H+ -> CO2 + succinate + luteolinidin + succinate + CO2 + 2 H2O + 2 H2O PlantCyc SUC

3,7,4'-trimethylquercetin + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen -> 3,7,4'-trimethylquercetagetin + succinate + CO2 PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

4-coumaroyl-CoA + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen -> 2,4-dihydroxycinnamoyl-CoA + succinate + CO2 PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

a (2R,3S,4S)-leucoanthocyanidin + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen -> a (4S)- 2,3-dehydroflavan-3,4-diol + succinate + CO2 + H2O PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

apiforol + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen -> apigeninidin + succinate + CO2 + 2 H2O PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

codeine + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen -> morphine + formaldehyde + succinate + CO2 PlantCyc SUC

desacetoxyvindoline + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen -> 17-O-deacetylvindoline + succinate + CO2 PlantCyc SUC, SUC

desacetoxyvindorosine + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen -> deacetylvindorosine + succinate + CO2 PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC

DIBOA-beta-D-glucoside + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen -> TRIBOA-beta-D-glucoside + succinate + CO2 PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

ferulate + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen -> (E)-6'-hydroxyferulate + succinate + CO2 PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

feruloyl-CoA + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen -> 6'-hydroxyferuloyl-CoA + succinate + CO2 PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC

fumarate[in] + 2 H+[in] + 2 e-[membrane] -> succinate[in] PlantCyc SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC, SUC,